At the same time, He permitted the heathen nations to walk in their own ways (Acts 14:16), to furnish an example of what man can accomplish apart from Him. Jesus confirmed all of the events mentioned in the Old Testament (Luke 11:49-51). The 9th-century view.The great empires of Assyria and Babylonia do not appear within the horizon of the prophet. It was therefore not alone unto themselves and to their contemporaries that the prophets ministered, but also to all sincere men and women of later generations (1 Peter 1:12). The various abuses rebuked by Malachi are mostly the same as those Nehemiah found when he returned to Jerusalem for his second term of governorship (Malachi 3:8, 9; cf. As he was escaping on a ship bound for Tarshish a great storm arose. They blindly overlooked those scriptures that point to the humiliation of Christs first advent, and misapplied those that speak of the glory of His second coming. Malachi 3:12), and their God the only true God (Isaiah 45:14). Moses their great leader warned the people of Israel not to disobey the LORD or else: Some prophets overlap, lived in different areas, or the chronology cannot be estimated with any accuracy. There was nothing God could have done for them that He did not do, yet they failed. They forfeited Gods blessing because of failure to fulfill His purpose in making them His chosen people, and thus brought ruin upon themselves. He is commemorated by Christians on July 20 and is recognized as a prophet in Islam. Since Jothams sole reign began after the death of his father Uzziah in 740/39, the initial date for Micahs prophetic ministry should probably be placed after that date. Image by Zechariah probably belonged to a priestly family (chapter 1:1; cf. In their meticulous attention to the letter of the law they lost sight of its spirit. The Kings of Israel & Judah Why Study the Kings? **All dates are approximate time periods of each prophet's ministry. ***The Scripture references provided are those that help estimate the time periods of each prophets ministry. chapter 11:18). Deported to Babylon, they were to learn in adversity the lessons they had failed to learn during times of prosperity (Jeremiah 25:5-7; 29:18, 19; 30:11-14; 46:28; Ezekiel 20:25-38; Micah 4:10-12), and to impart to the heathen Babylonians a knowledge of the true God. 2. (This rule does not apply to those portions of the book of Daniel that the prophet was bidden to shut up and seal, or to other passages whose application Inspiration may have limited exclusively to our own time.). Unfortunately, Nehemiahs second term as governor cannot be dated, which fact makes it also somewhat difficult to date Malachi. 3rd return of exiles (445) Major prophets. BC dates, I've also included the number of years since the end of . Acts 1:6), to appear as a liberator and conqueror, and to exalt Israel to dominion over all nations (see on Luke 4:19). DIVIDED KINGDOM c.930-c.586 BC From the internal strife that divided the nation of Israel to the prophets who warned of the coming exile. You can also change some of your preferences. Far from becoming the light of the world, the Jews shut themselves away from the world as a safeguard against being seduced into idolatry (see Deuteronomy 11:26, 27; cf. A portion of the nation of Israel returned to Jerusalem under Zerubbabel in 535 B.C., and then with Ezra in 458 B.C., and Nehemiah in 444 B.C. He played an important role during two momentous periods: (1) under Ahaz, during the war between Syria and Israel (chapters 7-11), and (2) under Hezekiah, during a siege of Jerusalem by Sennacherib chapters 36; 37). Our collection of maps are simple and they are free. We shall be protected against the grossly literal explanation of some expositors concerning the return of literal Israel to literal Palestine to rule the world for a thousand years prior to the close of human probation, and also against other equally unscriptural interpretations that propose to apply allegorically to the church all the details of the promises originally made to literal Israel. He says specifically that by Jew he does not mean a literal Jew but one converted at heart, whether he be Jew or Gentile (chapter 2:28, 29). Ultimately Israel was conquered by Assyria and went into captivity in 721 BC, never to return as an independent nation. Biblical Archaeology - Significant Discoveries from Ancient Empires. % All the visions of Daniel recorded in chapters 7-12 were received during the last years of his life, the first one (chapter 7) in Belshazzars 1st year (552 or possibly later), and the last one (chapters 10-12) in the 3rd year of Cyrus, 536/35 B.C. 5. This count was 48 male and 7 female Prophets.. Of course, there is much debate about who is included in the list. Filed under Bible, Bible Reference, History, Infographics, Literacy, Old Testament. 4. Joel is not displayed as the dates are uncertain and estimates range from the 9th to the 4th centuries b.c. The modernist school of interpretation denies the predictive element in prophecy altogether, arguing either that the predictions were written down after the events thus foretold took place or that such predictions reflected nothing more than the prophets hopes for the future, or those of his people. Few passages of Scripture are more commonly misunderstood and variously interpreted than those containing the divine promises made to ancient Israel through the prophets. The blessings thus assured to Israel are, on the same conditions and in the same degree, assured to every nation and to every individual under the broad heavens. The material advantages that Israel enjoyed were designed to arrest the attention and catch the interest of the heathen, for whom the less obvious spiritual advantages had no natural attraction. Accordingly, the book can probably be dated about 425 B.C. If you do not want that we track your visit to our site you can disable tracking in your browser here: We also use different external services like Google Webfonts, Google Maps, and external Video providers. For these reasons Daniels extended prophetic ministry can be dated approximately from 603 to 535 B.C. Israels unwillingness to submit to the restrictions and requirements of God, prevented them, to a great extent, from reaching the high standard He desired them to attain, and from receiving the blessings He was ready to bestow upon them. Now it is spiritual Israel, in the past not a people but now the people of God, that are to shew forth the praises of the One who has called them out of darkness into his marvellous light (1 Peter 2:9, 10). Gods promises are made conditional upon mans cooperation and obedience. Prophecies of the former classification cannot now be fulfilled because they were strictly conditional in nature and limited in scope, by their very nature, to literal Israel. Situating the Prophets in Israel's History Timeline of the Prophets Related Content Donate The prophets call us to re-learn the lesson that a respect for the creator of the earth we occupy is a starting point for peace between the earth and its inhabitants. During all these times, God sent his prophets to challenge and encourage his people. To the very last, Christ would have averted the doom of the Jewish nation if the people had received Him. With the call of Abraham, God set in operation a definite plan for bringing the Messiah into the world and for presenting the gospel invitation to all men (Genesis 12:1-3). The following cookies are also needed - You can choose if you want to allow them: You can read about our cookies and privacy settings in detail on our Privacy Policy Page. Timeline: Prophets in the Reigns on Kings of Judah and Israel The Prophets The Dates Bible History Kings and Events Prophets of Israel Jonah 810-790 BC 2 Kings 13-14 Jehoash, Jeroboam II (Amaziah) Joel 790-760 BC 2 Kings 11-15 Uzziah Amos 780-760 BC 2 Kings 14-15 Jeroboam II (Uzziah) Hosea 785-725 BC 2 Kings 15-18 Jeroboam II to Hoshea (Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz) Isaiah 750-695 BC 2 [] He would have come, He would have died, and would have risen again. Click to enable/disable _gid - Google Analytics Cookie. In trying to keep all of these people and messages clear in my mind, I have put together a list of all the kings and prophets during the period of the divided kingdom (roughly 931-586 BC). Had Jerusalem known what it was her privilege to know, and heeded the light that Heaven sent her, she would have stood forth in magnificent prosperity, the queen of kingdoms, the mighty metropolis of the earth, and would, like a noble vine, have filled the face of the world with fruit (Isaiah 27:6). See Deuteronomy 7:13; 28:2-8; Malachi 3:8-11. See on Zechariah 1:8. Our study of messages originally proclaimed by holy men of old to the people of their day is not to become an end in itself, but a means of discovering the will of God for all who would render Him truehearted service now, at the climax of the ages. Amir Tsarfati: Israel's Prophetic Timeline. The blessings of health. Israel would reply, Accept our God as your God, love and serve Him as we do, and He will do the same for you. The blessings thus assured Israel were, on the same conditions and in the same degree, assured to every nation and to every individual under the broad heavens see Acts 10:34, 35; 15:7-9; Romans 10:12, 13; etc.). Micah states that his ministry fell in the time of the kings Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah (chapter 1:1). Nehemiah 13:23-27). It was ordained of God to meet the needs of His people at the time it was given and to remind them of the glorious destiny that awaited them as a nation, of the coming of the Messiah, and of the establishment of His eternal kingdom. Solomon made his great mistake when he failed to realize the secret of Israels prosperity, and with a few noteworthy exceptions, leaders and people sank lower and lower from generation to generation until apostasy was complete (Isaiah 3:12; 9:16; Jeremiah 5:1-5; 8:10; Ezekiel 22:23-31; Micah 3). endobj Click to enable/disable _gat_* - Google Analytics Cookie. They were to be far in advance of other nations in wisdom and understanding. 3 0 obj Consideration is given to the role of literal Israel as Gods chosen people, to the way His plan for them was to have been accomplished, to the way in which it actually did work out, and to the eventual transfer of the privileges and responsibilities of literal Israel to spiritual Israel, that is, to the Christian church. This site uses cookies. Owing to the failure of the Jews as Gods chosen people, many of the prophecies of the Old Testament, such as those affirming the worldwide mission of Israel and the ingathering of the Gentiles (see Genesis 12:3; Deuteronomy 4:6-8; Isaiah 2:2-5; 42:6; 49:6; 52:10; 56:6, 7; 60:1-3; 61:9; 62:2; Zechariah 2:11; 8:22, 23; etc. It is possible that he worked much longer, as part of chapters 9-14 may have been given at a much later time. Interactive Timeline of the Kings & Prophets - Timelines - Psalm11918.org Both of these extreme methods wrest the obvious intent of the Scriptures and render a sound understanding of the messages of the prophets for the church today unattainable. Yet the book contains no clear indication of the time in which the prophet lived. Whatever the Jews, as a nation, may do, now or in time to come, is in no way related to the former promises made to them. Having begun his ministry in the time of Uzziah, king of Judah, and Jeroboam II, king of Israel (chapter 1:1), Hosea continued until the time of Hezekiah, king of Judah (chapter 1:1). Mormons have distinctive beliefs on what a prophet is. Jotham (750 -735) inactive in rule after Hosea Amos Zechariah The consecutive order of the book of Haggai would indicate that his whole recorded ministry lasted not longer than 31/2 months, beginning (chapter 1:1) on August 29, 520 B.C., and extending, in his last two recorded speeches (chapter 2:10, 20), to December 18, 520. ; (locust and Day of the Lord pictures in Joel), written against Edom (which was enemy of Jerusalem under Jehoram? Prophecies that fall into the latter classification are to be fulfilled in principle but not necessarily in every detail, owing to the fact that many details of prophecy were concerned with Israel as a literal nation situated in the land of Palestine. One royal visitor to Jerusalem exclaimed, The half was not told me! (1 Kings 10:1-9). However, it is possible that some of his undated prophecies were given at a later time. In Egypt, Jeremiah raised his voice against the idolatries the Jews practiced there (chapters 43; 44). In the inspired utterances of the prophets of old the sincere seeker for truth will thus find messages of inspiration, comfort, and guidance for today. Ancient Jerusalem - Interactive Study of Jerusalem with Map. Shortly after this event he once more rose to a high position of honor and responsibility in the newly formed Persian Empire (chapter 6). Hence, 640 B.C., about midway between the two limits, marked by the destruction of Thebes and the fall of Nineveh, would seem to be a reasonable conjectural date for Nahums prophetic ministry. You are free to share (to copy, distribute and transmit the work), and remix (to adapt the work) for non-commercial use only, under the condition that you must attribute the work to the Theology of Work Project, Inc., but not in any way that suggests that it endorses you or your use of the work. In the 5th year of Jehoiachins captivity, 593/92, Ezekiel had his first vision by the river Chebar, a canal near the famous city of Nippur in lower Babylonia (chapter 1:1-3). Moses their great leader warned the people of Israel not to disobey the LORD or else: Deuteronomy 28:49-50 - "The LORD will bring a nation against you from far, from the end of the earth, as the eagle flies; a nation whose language you will not understand; a nation of fierce facial expressions, that doesn't respect the elderly, nor show favor to the young.". Note by whom it was spoken, to whom it was addressed, and the circumstances that called it forth. Desiring the same blessings for themselves, they would make inquiry as to how they too might acquire these obvious material advantages. God entered into solemn covenant relationship with him (Genesis 15:18; 17:2-7), and his posterity, Israel, inherited the sacred trust of being Gods chosen representatives on earth (Hebrews 11:9) for the salvation of the entire human race. The promises God made to Abraham endured through his descendants and the prophets, and they continue to stand true alongside the church's existence today. Because I find it hard to think about Israel's Prophetic Timeline Jeremiah 1:2-3; 3:6; 11:21-23; 21:1; 22:11; 24:1; 25:1-3; 25:8-12; 26:1; 27:1, etc. For illustrations of the reversal of threatened judgment, see Jonah 3:3-10; cf. National greatness. ), have never been and can never be fulfilled to them as a nation. The futurist school ignores both the conditional element pervading predictive prophecy, clearly and emphatically proclaimed by the prophets themselves, and the specific statements of the New Testament that affirm that the privileges and responsibilities of ancient Israel have, in Christ, been transferred to the church. The day, before, He had called it my house (chapter 21:13), but henceforth He no longer owned it as His. With the crucifixion of Christ they forever forfeited their special position as Gods chosen people. 2. In an age when every wind of doctrine is blowing it is well to make certain that our understanding of Bible prophecy rests upon a positive Thus saith the Lord (see Deuteronomy 29:29; Isaiah 50:11; Jeremiah 2:13; Matthew 7:24-28; 1 Corinthians 2:4, 5, 12, 13; Eph. Jeremiah had been chosen by God for his office before birth (chapter 1:5), and was called to be a prophet at a tender age (chapter 1:6, 7). 4. Hence, Jonah was probably the earliest of the prophets under discussion. Accordingly, the covenant promises and privileges were all permanently transferred from literal to spiritual Israel (Romans 9:4; cf. Bible Commentary / Produced by TOW Project. The work of no other prophet can be dated so definitely as that of Haggai. Not only is Malachi last in the sequential order of the prophets; it is also the last prophetic book produced in pre-Christian times. It ignores the plain statements of the Old Testament that Gods promises to Israel were all conditional. This chart includes only the major prophetic figures of the Old Testament period. Some scholars place this date after Nebuchadnezzar's conquest of Judah in 586 BC, but since post-exilic prophets always named Nebuchadnezzar or Babylon, I think it's more likely to have occurred during the reign of Jehoram around 840 BC (see also 2 Chronicles 21:8-10 ). He belonged to a family of priests whose home town was Anathoth. The Babylonians - Learn about ancient Babylon and the people who lived there. Furthermore, it should be remembered that the Messiah, after the flesh, was a Jew, that the charter members of the Christian church were all Jews, and that Christianity grew out of Judaism. 1 Kings 22:28). Returning to their homelands, the Gentile ambassadors would counsel their fellow countrymen, Let us go speedily to pray before the Lord, and to seek the Lord (Zechariah 8:21, 22; cf. Instead of becoming light bearers to the world they absorbed its darkness and reflected that darkness instead. They brought forth wild grapes rather than the mature fruit of a Godlike character (Isaiah 5:1-7; cf. For Haggai, the drought of the land and the ruin of the temple are inseparable. Daniel 5:25-28; Matthew 21:40-43; 22:3-10; Luke 14:24). The exposition of Scripture attempted by proponents of the British-Israel theory consists of an admixture of selected Bible passages with legend, folk tales, and speculation. But the Scriptures record the fact that they disobeyed God and proved disloyal to Him instead. Select all the topics you most frequently turn to the Bible to get help with: The Bible Gateway Blog features the latest news, announcements, and reflections from Bible Gateway. It would become an object lesson of the results of acting in harmony with moral, as with natural, law. Both names are somewhat inaccurate. All Israel consists of both Jews and Gentiles, thus all Israel shall be saved (Romans 11:25, 26). prophecy of Jonah[1] during the time of Babylonian captivity, though dating of the book ranges from the 6th to the late 3rd century BC. But, said the angel, Messiah would be rejected and cut off, because of the abominations of Israel, and Jerusalem and the Temple would once more life waste (verses 26, 27). His early ministry seems to have coincided with the last years of King Uzziahs reign (see Introduction to Isaiah), but his official call to the office of a prophet came in 740/39, the last year of King Uzziah (chapter 6:1). Since these providers may collect personal data like your IP address we allow you to block them here. Click to enable/disable Google Analytics tracking. In that day every one that is left of all the nations which came against Jerusalem shall even go up from year to year to worship the King, the Lord of hosts (Zechariah 14:16; cf. During the reign of Zedekiah, Judahs last king, Jeremiah was thrown into prison, being considered a traitor to his country (chapter 37:11-16) because he advised his people to surrender to the Babylonians. The prophets of ancient Israel spoke about the events mentioned in the Old Testament long before they actually happened. United kingdom under Saul, David, Solomon, c. 1030 - 931. Historical setting Joel 1:15; 2:1, 32) can hardly serve as evidence for either a late or an early date.